Coral Reef Diagnostics

Triton Bay

NOAA Coral Reef Watch

Regional summary of 5 dive sites. Figures are averages across the sites that report them (n = sites with a value); each site's own page has its individual values.

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05
Photo: Anderson Mayfield/Coral Reef Diagnostics — Triton Bay - Little Komodo
Country
Sites
5
each linked below
Hard coral cover (regional mean; Claude computer vision)
10% ± 2.3% (std. dev.)
n = 4 of 5 sites. range 7.8–13%
Water temp. during surveys (regional mean)
25.0°C
n = 5 of 5 sites; surveyed Oct 2018
Coral Health Index (regional mean)
not yet scored
n = 0 of 5 sites
Most recent water temperature record
26 Oct 2026 · West Papua
Most recent heat stress record
26 Oct 2026 · Bleaching Watch
Mean annual max degree heating weeks (DHW), last 5 years
2021–2025 · West Papua
Highest annual heat stress
in 2024 · West Papua
Severe heat-stress years
1985–2025 · 4 in the last 10 years
Heat-stress figures: NOAA Coral Reef Watch — West Papua 5-km virtual station. Each pill links its source record and carries the values behind it.
Regional summary

Triton Bay's five sites, dived in October 2018 in turbid, nutrient-rich, high-flow water, are dominated by soft corals, including a naturally white soft-coral forest at Little Komodo. Hard coral clusters in the top few meters, and the only possible bleaching recorded was one small hard coral at Bo Rainbow (one frame).

Heat stress

0481216Week of 2023-01-01: DHW 7.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.93°CWeek of 2023-01-08: DHW 7.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.76°CWeek of 2023-01-15: DHW 6.5°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.95°CWeek of 2023-01-22: DHW 5.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.70°CWeek of 2023-01-29: DHW 4.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.75°CWeek of 2023-02-05: DHW 3.7°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.50°CWeek of 2023-02-12: DHW 2.8°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.50°CWeek of 2023-02-19: DHW 1.7°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.58°CWeek of 2023-02-26: DHW 1.1°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.59°CWeek of 2023-03-05: DHW 0.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.71°CWeek of 2023-03-12: DHW 0.6°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.86°CWeek of 2023-03-19: DHW 0.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.16°CWeek of 2023-03-26: DHW 0.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.02°CWeek of 2023-04-02: DHW 0.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.15°CWeek of 2023-04-09: DHW 0.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.09°CWeek of 2023-04-16: DHW 0.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.16°CWeek of 2023-04-23: DHW 1.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.28°CWeek of 2023-04-30: DHW 2.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.47°CWeek of 2023-05-07: DHW 3.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.52°CWeek of 2023-05-14: DHW 4.5°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.56°CWeek of 2023-05-21: DHW 4.5°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.26°CWeek of 2023-05-28: DHW 5.1°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.50°CWeek of 2023-06-04: DHW 6.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.45°CWeek of 2023-06-11: DHW 5.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.20°CWeek of 2023-06-18: DHW 5.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.96°CWeek of 2023-06-25: DHW 5.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.15°CWeek of 2023-07-02: DHW 5.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.11°CWeek of 2023-07-09: DHW 5.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.01°CWeek of 2023-07-16: DHW 5.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.10°CWeek of 2023-07-23: DHW 4.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.17°CWeek of 2023-07-30: DHW 3.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.27°CWeek of 2023-08-06: DHW 2.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.19°CWeek of 2023-08-13: DHW 1.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.06°CWeek of 2023-08-20: DHW 1.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.95°CWeek of 2023-08-27: DHW 0.8°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.02°CWeek of 2023-10-08: DHW 0.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.43°CWeek of 2023-10-15: DHW 0.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.35°CWeek of 2023-10-22: DHW 0.6°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.45°CWeek of 2023-10-29: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.59°CWeek of 2023-11-05: DHW 2.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.59°CWeek of 2023-11-12: DHW 2.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.34°CWeek of 2023-11-19: DHW 3.2°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.38°CWeek of 2023-11-26: DHW 3.8°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.28°CWeek of 2023-12-03: DHW 4.5°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.24°CWeek of 2023-12-10: DHW 4.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.21°CWeek of 2023-12-17: DHW 4.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.38°CWeek of 2023-12-24: DHW 5.1°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.25°CWeek of 2023-12-31: DHW 5.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.42°CWeek of 2024-01-07: DHW 6.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.15°CWeek of 2024-01-14: DHW 6.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.03°CWeek of 2024-01-21: DHW 6.1°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.68°CWeek of 2024-01-28: DHW 5.3°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.88°CWeek of 2024-02-04: DHW 4.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.64°CWeek of 2024-02-11: DHW 4.3°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.68°CWeek of 2024-02-18: DHW 3.7°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.93°CWeek of 2024-02-25: DHW 2.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.17°CWeek of 2024-03-03: DHW 3.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.27°CWeek of 2024-03-10: DHW 3.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.00°CWeek of 2024-03-17: DHW 3.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.09°CWeek of 2024-03-24: DHW 2.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.13°CWeek of 2024-03-31: DHW 2.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.14°CWeek of 2024-04-07: DHW 2.7°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.10°CWeek of 2024-04-14: DHW 3.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.25°CWeek of 2024-04-21: DHW 4.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.66°CWeek of 2024-04-28: DHW 5.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.68°CWeek of 2024-05-05: DHW 6.5°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.50°CWeek of 2024-05-12: DHW 7.3°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.43°CWeek of 2024-05-19: DHW 7.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.36°CWeek of 2024-05-26: DHW 7.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.43°CWeek of 2024-06-02: DHW 8.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.39°CWeek of 2024-06-09: DHW 9.2°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.32°CWeek of 2024-06-16: DHW 9.3°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.30°CWeek of 2024-06-23: DHW 8.5°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.10°CWeek of 2024-06-30: DHW 7.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.92°CWeek of 2024-07-07: DHW 7.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.98°CWeek of 2024-07-14: DHW 7.3°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.93°CWeek of 2024-07-21: DHW 5.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.72°CWeek of 2024-07-28: DHW 4.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.00°CWeek of 2024-08-04: DHW 4.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.02°CWeek of 2024-08-11: DHW 3.1°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.13°CWeek of 2024-08-18: DHW 2.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.15°CWeek of 2024-08-25: DHW 1.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.07°CWeek of 2024-09-01: DHW 0.6°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.15°CWeek of 2024-09-08: DHW 0.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.47°CWeek of 2024-09-15: DHW 1.6°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.71°CWeek of 2024-09-22: DHW 2.8°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.63°CWeek of 2024-09-29: DHW 3.7°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.60°CWeek of 2024-10-06: DHW 4.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.46°CWeek of 2024-10-13: DHW 5.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.48°CWeek of 2024-10-20: DHW 6.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.36°CWeek of 2024-10-27: DHW 7.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.56°CWeek of 2024-11-03: DHW 8.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.54°CWeek of 2024-11-10: DHW 10.3°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.78°CWeek of 2024-11-17: DHW 11.5°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.65°CWeek of 2024-11-24: DHW 12.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.57°CWeek of 2024-12-01: DHW 13.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.56°CWeek of 2024-12-08: DHW 14.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.58°CWeek of 2024-12-15: DHW 14.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.43°CWeek of 2024-12-22: DHW 13.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.19°CWeek of 2024-12-29: DHW 12.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.02°CWeek of 2025-01-06: DHW 12.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.25°CWeek of 2025-01-12: DHW 12.1°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.46°CWeek of 2025-01-19: DHW 12.2°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.45°CWeek of 2025-01-26: DHW 12.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.22°CWeek of 2025-02-02: DHW 11.1°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.04°CWeek of 2025-02-09: DHW 10.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.02°CWeek of 2025-02-16: DHW 8.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.01°CWeek of 2025-02-23: DHW 7.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.95°CWeek of 2025-03-02: DHW 6.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.18°CWeek of 2025-03-09: DHW 4.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.37°CWeek of 2025-03-16: DHW 5.1°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.26°CWeek of 2025-03-23: DHW 5.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.25°CWeek of 2025-03-30: DHW 6.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.21°CWeek of 2025-04-06: DHW 5.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.13°CWeek of 2025-04-13: DHW 5.2°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.37°CWeek of 2025-04-20: DHW 5.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.38°CWeek of 2025-04-27: DHW 6.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.38°CWeek of 2025-05-04: DHW 7.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.26°CWeek of 2025-05-11: DHW 8.2°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.59°CWeek of 2025-05-18: DHW 9.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.43°CWeek of 2025-05-25: DHW 10.4°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.35°CWeek of 2025-06-01: DHW 10.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.35°CWeek of 2025-06-08: DHW 10.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.65°CWeek of 2025-06-15: DHW 10.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.39°CWeek of 2025-06-22: DHW 10.1°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.04°CWeek of 2025-06-29: DHW 9.5°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.04°CWeek of 2025-07-06: DHW 9.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 2+: severe bleaching and significant mortality likely); SST 30.06°CWeek of 2025-07-13: DHW 7.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.87°CWeek of 2025-07-20: DHW 7.3°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.29°CWeek of 2025-07-27: DHW 6.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.27°CWeek of 2025-08-03: DHW 5.9°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.22°CWeek of 2025-08-10: DHW 4.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.93°CWeek of 2025-08-17: DHW 3.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.91°CWeek of 2025-08-24: DHW 2.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.82°CWeek of 2025-08-31: DHW 1.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.89°CWeek of 2025-09-07: DHW 0.6°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.99°CWeek of 2025-09-14: DHW 0.3°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.01°CWeek of 2025-09-21: DHW 0.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.39°CWeek of 2025-09-28: DHW 0.7°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.37°CWeek of 2025-10-24: DHW 0.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.36°CWeek of 2025-10-26: DHW 1.2°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.10°CWeek of 2025-11-02: DHW 2.2°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.40°CWeek of 2025-11-09: DHW 3.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.61°CWeek of 2025-11-16: DHW 4.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.44°CWeek of 2025-11-23: DHW 5.1°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.41°CWeek of 2025-11-30: DHW 5.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.19°CWeek of 2025-12-07: DHW 5.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.06°CWeek of 2025-12-14: DHW 5.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.23°CWeek of 2025-12-21: DHW 5.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.01°CWeek of 2025-12-28: DHW 5.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.93°CWeek of 2026-01-04: DHW 5.8°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.77°CWeek of 2026-01-11: DHW 5.6°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.81°CWeek of 2026-01-18: DHW 5.0°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 29.85°CWeek of 2026-01-25: DHW 4.7°C-weeks (Alert Level 1: significant bleaching likely); SST 30.23°CWeek of 2026-02-01: DHW 3.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.19°CWeek of 2026-02-08: DHW 2.6°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.05°CWeek of 2026-02-15: DHW 1.6°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.01°CWeek of 2026-02-22: DHW 0.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.88°CWeek of 2026-04-26: DHW 0.5°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.25°CWeek of 2026-05-03: DHW 0.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.49°CWeek of 2026-05-10: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.39°CWeek of 2026-05-17: DHW 1.7°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.33°CWeek of 2026-05-24: DHW 1.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.36°CWeek of 2026-05-31: DHW 2.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.37°CWeek of 2026-06-07: DHW 2.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.38°CWeek of 2026-06-14: DHW 2.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.38°CWeek of 2026-06-21: DHW 2.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.37°CWeek of 2026-06-28: DHW 2.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.34°CWeek of 2026-07-05: DHW 2.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.17°CWeek of 2026-07-12: DHW 2.0°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.23°CWeek of 2026-07-19: DHW 1.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.20°CWeek of 2026-07-26: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.13°CWeek of 2026-08-02: DHW 1.1°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.22°CWeek of 2026-08-09: DHW 0.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.39°CWeek of 2026-08-16: DHW 0.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.29°CWeek of 2026-08-23: DHW 0.9°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.11°CWeek of 2026-08-30: DHW 1.2°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.35°CWeek of 2026-09-06: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.32°CWeek of 2026-09-13: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 29.91°CWeek of 2026-09-20: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.14°CWeek of 2026-09-27: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.25°CWeek of 2026-10-04: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.33°CWeek of 2026-10-11: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.27°CWeek of 2026-10-18: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.21°CWeek of 2026-10-25: DHW 1.4°C-weeks (below the bleaching alert threshold); SST 30.46°C2829303132Bleaching threshold 30.1°C2023202420252026SST (°C)DHW (°C-weeks)
sea surface temperature (SST) (left axis)DHW under 2DHW 2–3DHW 3–5DHW 5–8DHW 8–10DHW over 10 (🔥 above 12)
Daily SST (line) and weekly maximum Degree Heating Weeks (bars), Jan 2023–Oct 2026, NOAA Coral Reef Watch 5-km West Papua virtual station. Dashed line: bleaching threshold (maximum monthly mean 29.1°C + 1°C). DHW ≥ 4: bleaching likely; ≥ 8: severe bleaching and mortality likely. A bar is drawn only where DHW exceeds zero, so a stretch with no bar is accumulated heat stress of zero, not missing data — the SST line runs the full period.

Long-term record: 5 years from 1985 through 2025 reached 8 or more °C-weeks at NOAA’s West Papua station. Download the annual DHW data (CSV).

5 sites in this region — click a marker to open that site.

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Regional setting

Spalding et al. (2001) do not mention Triton Bay, and they call the coastline of Irian Jaya, on which it lies, very poorly described. Much of that coast is low-lying and takes in heavy river discharge, above all in the south. Along the southeast, reefs give way to mangroves the authors count among the largest in the world, with the forests of Bintuni Bay and the central coast possibly rivaling the Sundarbans in area, while farther west, where the land rises, fringing reefs are reported to be widespread. South of Irian Jaya lies the Arafura Sea, a broad shelf mostly shallower than 100 m whose turbid water contrasts with the clear oceanic conditions elsewhere in eastern Indonesia, and in the Southeast Monsoon winds blow up toward the island's southern shore. Nationally, the authors estimate about 51,020 km² of coral reef in Indonesia, some 18% of the global total, with 443 coral species recorded and 581-602 estimated for its biogeographic region.

Reef Check surveys in 2002-2003 put the Coral Triangle, the area spanning Indonesia, the Philippines, and Papua New Guinea, among the three regions of the world with the least damaged reefs (Wilkinson 2006). The same review singled out Indonesia as a country where clear-felling of tropical forest for timber and oil palm was clearly adding to the sediment reaching reefs. Souter et al. (2021) list siltation and eutrophication from changing land use, overfishing, and the spread of coastal aquaculture among the main pressures across the East Asian Seas, and estimate that the region lost almost 11% of its hard coral, in relative terms, between 2005-2009 and 2015-2019, most of it after the 2010 bleaching event. Bawole et al. (2026) report mean hard coral cover of 17–32% in the no-take zones and 13–18% in the use zones at 24 University of Papua monitoring sites in the Kaimana marine protected area around Triton Bay, surveyed in 2012–2013, 2015–2016, and 2019; cover differed significantly between zones but not over time.

Overview

The five Triton Bay sites were dived on 14-15 October 2018. Seruanus and Little Komodo lie on opposite sides of Little Komodo Island, and Anderson found them very different from each other. Last Frontier fringes a steep karst islet with an undercut base and a swim-through. Bo Rainbow is a broad, gently sloping terrace, and Larry Dive Heaven is a depth-zoned slope that levels out at 5 m. The water is turbid and productive, with 2-10 m visibility, cold water intruding to 24°C at Seruanus, and thermoclines at Last Frontier and Larry Dive Heaven. The soft-coral abundance is linked to high flow and nutrient-rich water.

Soft corals dominate every site. Seruanus has tree-form soft corals packed across its slope faces, and Little Komodo a virtually uninterrupted white soft-coral forest at 15-20 m (naturally white, not bleached). Last Frontier carries Sinularia carpets and abundant Sarcophyton, and Bo Rainbow has patches of 100% soft-coral cover. Tubastraea is common at Little Komodo, Last Frontier, and Larry Dive Heaven. Hard coral is concentrated in the top few meters. Acropora grows at 5-7 m around Little Komodo Island, and Last Frontier has a diverse Acropora assemblage at 5-8 m with one table 3-4 m across. Larry Dive Heaven has brain corals at 8-9 m, with Porites bommies and Pocillopora verrucosa above 6 m. Hard coral cover (Claude CV) ranged from 7.8% at Last Frontier to 13% at Bo Rainbow across four sites.

Bleaching was limited to possible bleaching of one small hard coral at Bo Rainbow (one frame) and the bleached lip of a sponge at Seruanus; no reef-wide bleaching was seen. The other condition signals are local: long-dead, coralline-crusted coral below 20 m at Larry Dive Heaven, and a recently dead plating colony and evidence of overfishing at Seruanus. Fish life was still notable. Little Komodo had staggering biomass at 5-7 m, an enormous bumphead parrotfish, and a wobbegong. Larry Dive Heaven had two octopus and the trip's first sea snake, and Last Frontier had bait balls and the trip's first turtle.

Highlights

Notable observations

Sites in this region

* Based on only 10–19 reef-habitat photos; this estimate is less certain.

% coral cover by method

Pooled across 4 dive sites

MethodMean % coral coverStd. dev. between dive sitesn dive sitesNote
CoralSCOP (SAM-based mask-sum), edited photos30%±1141 of these 4 values rests on 10–19 photographs (*)
Claude CV, blind point count on edited photos10%±2.341 of these 4 values rests on 10–19 photographs (*)
In-house DINOv3 point classifier18%±5.841 of these 4 values rests on 10–19 photographs (*)

The mean is an UNWEIGHTED mean of the dive site values — each dive site counts once, whatever its photo count — which is the convention of the published tables and of every other figure on this page. Each value is the one printed on that dive site's own page; a page that prints no value for a method (fewer than 10 photographs) is left out of that method's mean.

By dive site

Dive siteCoralSCOP (edited)ClaudeDINOv3Coralscapes v2Coralscapes v1
Triton Bay - Seruanus31%
n=66
9.1%
n=66
19%
n=66
42%
n=66
44%
n=66
Triton Bay - Little Komodo31%
n=75
12%
n=73
23%
n=75
45%
n=72
44%
n=73
Triton Bay - Last Frontier16%*
n=15
7.8%*
n=14
10%*
n=15
15%*
n=14
17%*
n=14
Triton Bay - Bo Rainbow42%
n=47
13%
n=47
22%
n=47
62%
n=47
60%
n=47

n under each value is the number of photographs that method scored at that dive site. ⚠ marks a cell that is not an independent check. * marks a value resting on only 10–19 photographs, which is less certain.

Reference: blind Claude computer-vision point count on the author's edited photographs (20 points per photo); no diver transect exists for this trip. Denominator: (HC + BL) / (20 − WATER − FISH − OBST) per photo, UNK kept in the denominator; mean ± SD across photos. Source: Claude computer-vision point counts of the author's edited photographs, October 2018 (sites with complete scoring) Headline: Claude computer vision — a blind point count of this site's own photographs. DINOv3 and CoralSCOP were run on the same photos and are listed for comparison. Coralscapes v2 and v1 are shown for comparison only: the author does not consider Coralscapes reliable for these photos, so they are low confidence and never enter any average or summary. No diver transect exists for this trip, so agreement between the rows is not accuracy, and no computer-vision method yet estimates coral cover accurately on new images; treat every row as indicative. Comparison lines only, Triton Bay (Kaimana), Papua 2018. Claude vs DINOv3 -8.1 pp (MAE 8.1, r 0.89). No transect exists for this trip: this is agreement between methods, not accuracy.

All images from Coral Reef Diagnostics. Data are from Coral Reef Diagnostics.

© Coral Reef Diagnostics.

References