Coral Reef Diagnostics

N. GBR - Green (AU74151)

Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation — Global Reef Expedition
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05
Photo: Anderson Mayfield/Coral Reef Diagnostics
Country
Survey date(s)
2014-09-29
Coordinates
-13.4982, 144.0506
Coral cover
35%
Benthic transects+photo-quadrats
Observations
Heat stress
Today’s heat load
3 Oct 2026 · No heat stress
5-year thermal stress load
5-year mean max. degree heating weeks (DHW)
2021–2025
NOAA Coral Reef Watch — Far Northern GBR virtual station
i 5-year mean max. DHW is the mean of the annual maximum DHWs over the five complete years named above, not conditions today.
More infoFar Northern GBR (NOAA CRW virtual station)
Photographs
34
8 shown on this page
Site summary

A well-developed reef on Unnamed Reef 74 (his sheet: Unnamed Reef 166) running to 25 m in murky water, extremely patchy, with some patches carpeted at near 100% by branching Porites and bottlebrush Acropora while this survey point read 35%. Anderson recorded crown-of-thorns damage to multiple colonies at 14 m, plus sickly needle coral; two huge Malabar groupers appeared. Surveyed on the Living Oceans Foundation's Global Reef Expedition.

Max. depth dived
22 m
dive-log maximum
Sea surface temp. (satellite)
25.1°C
satellite sea surface temperature (SST) on the survey date (NOAA Coral Reef Watch, Far Northern GBR), not an in-water reading; it is the warmest-pixel (90th percentile) reading in the station area and can run 1–1.5°C above the reef
Bottom time
55 min
in at 15:39

Three independent survey stations shown with the program’s logo — click one to see how far it is from this site.

Eight other CRD dive sites within 5 km shown in orange — click a marker to open its page.

Site description

Setting

The final dive of the day at Unnamed Reef 74 (his sheet: Unnamed Reef 166) covered a well-developed reef running to 25 m despite murky (~5 m) water, with live coral cover measuring 35% at this point within a site where several transects reached 60-80% cover, built on branching Porites and bottlebrush Acropora that carpeted patches at 100% cover (e.g., Image 1, Image 4).

General benthic features

Along the survey tape, lilac branching colonies and tan foliose plates grew over a pavement of small corymbose colonies, rubble, and pink crustose coralline algae, with the reef sloping away into blue water (e.g., Image 5).

Elsewhere the slope was a dense mix of bottlebrush, corymbose, and tabular colonies, small massive heads, and branching thickets running out to the limit of visibility (e.g., Image 7).

On the tape, a knobby lilac colony studded with small white polyps filled the frame (e.g., Image 6).

Close in, white eight-armed octocoral polyps and a cream lobed soft coral grew beside a brown massive colony on rock crusted with red and purple coralline algae (e.g., Image 8).

Coral cover

Stressors

Anderson recorded COTS damage from multiple colonies at 14 m, even as much of the surrounding reef stayed lush. Sickly and dying Seriatopora hystrix also turned up on several transects, alongside, not in place of, the COTS activity (e.g., Image 2).

One hazy shallow frame shows broad fields of dead, algal-filmed branching skeleton and rubble, with live corymbose and branching colonies persisting as islands within it; the photograph itself cannot assign a cause to that mortality (e.g., Image 3).

Fish and other fauna

Two huge Malabar groupers made an appearance.

Comparisons with other data

No other surveys have been conducted at this site to date. Within 5 km, three XL Catlin Seaview Survey stations recorded 16–32% hard coral cover between 2012 and 2016; the nearest, XL Catlin Seaview Survey at transect 15022, 2.75 km away, read 17–32% between 2012 and 2016.

Nearby citizen-science imagery within 2 km (not a survey of this site, and not total coral cover):

  • Great Reef Census (citizen science, AI + volunteer image analysis): branching Acropora 3.6%, plating Acropora 7.2%, massive corals 9.1% of colonizable substrate, 29 images, 2022-11-26, 0.06 km.
  • Great Reef Census (citizen science, AI + volunteer image analysis): branching Acropora 8.0%, plating Acropora 24%, massive corals 18% of colonizable substrate, 22 images, 2024-11-20, 1.49 km.

The Great Reef Census scores three coral shapes only, so every other coral is left out, and its denominator is colonizable substrate (sand, water, and shadow excluded): these values are not hard coral cover and should not be added together or compared with the cover figures on this page. The photographs are taken by volunteer snorkelers 3–5 m above the reef. In the program's own validation (Lawson et al. 2025, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 197:814, doi:10.1007/s10661-025-14261-6, open access), each analysis method on its own differed from expert estimates by up to about 9.5 percentage points on average for these coral types (AI alone: plating Acropora −9.1 points; AI plus volunteers: branching Acropora +9.5 points); the program's “~99% accurate” figure is the average over about 8,000 images after choosing the better method for each coral type, and site values from fewer images carry more error. Sites with fewer than 40 images have fewer images than the 40–80 the method needs to estimate site-level values to within 5 percentage points. Source: Great Reef Census / Citizens of the Great Barrier Reef; Lawson et al. 2026, Limnology & Oceanography Letters, doi:10.1002/lol2.70168 (data CC BY-NC 4.0, doi:10.7910/DVN/KCULSD).

Other notes

Reef name: Anderson's sheet logs this station as AU166151 on 'Unnamed Reef 166' (his field notes head the dive 'Unnamed Reef Leisure Cat dive 3 (AU166151)'); the station code AU74151 and his sheet's two earlier stations that day (AU74147, AU74149) use Unnamed Reef 74, and the field report's final schedule lists UN Reef (13-116) for 29 September 2014. The pin keeps its station code. The page leads with Unnamed Reef 74: the station lies 179 m from AU74147, which his notes place on Unnamed Reef 74, and the expedition's station table codes it AU74151; his sheet's code for it is AU166151 ('Unnamed Reef 166').

Independent surveys nearby

Hard coral cover over time — this site and every independent station within 5 km. Programs are shown separately because they use different methods at different stations; the lines are not one comparable series.
0%10%20%30%40%201220142016XL Catlin Seaview Survey 2012: 16%XL Catlin Seaview Survey 2012: 32%XL Catlin Seaview Survey 2012: 32%XL Catlin Seaview Survey 2016: 16%XL Catlin Seaview Survey 2016: 17%XL Catlin Seaview Survey 2016: 26%LOF Global Reef Expedition 2014: 35%Year-averaged across all programs: illustrative only; the programs differ in stations and method, so no trend is claimed (3 years)
XL Catlin Seaview Survey LOF Global Reef ExpeditionYear-average (illustrative only, programs differ)

Within 5 km, 3 independent survey stations recorded hard coral cover in 6 surveys between 2012 and 2016. Of the 3 stations surveyed in more than one year, 1 declined by more than 7 points between their first and latest surveys; 2 changed by 7 points or less, inside the 7-point method-noise floor (inconclusive). Three stations share the longest span (2012–2016); one, transect 15022 (XL Catlin Seaview Survey, 2.75 km away), went from 32% in 2012 to 17% in 2016. The most recent nearby survey is from 2016, so these values predate recent heat stress. This site's own estimate (35%) is not compared with these surveys: none lies within 2 km.

Collected by other programs using different methods (the XL Catlin Seaview Survey uses photo-transects with automated image annotation), so these are context for the figures above, not a like-for-like comparison. Where a station was surveyed more than once, the cell shows either the range of its values or, as a single value, the mean of surveys made in one year. Station names are not dive-site names.

Independent survey data near this site
AgencySite / locationDateHard coral cover (%)DistanceLink
XL Catlin Seaview Surveytransect 150222012–201617–32% (2 surveys)2.75 kmdoi:10.14264/uql.2019.930
XL Catlin Seaview Surveytransect 150232012–201626–32% (2 surveys)4.02 kmdoi:10.14264/uql.2019.930
XL Catlin Seaview Surveytransect 150242012–201616% (2 surveys)4.62 kmdoi:10.14264/uql.2019.930

Data & links

All images from Coral Reef Diagnostics. Data are from the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation Global Reef Expedition, Coral Reef Diagnostics, and the organizations named in the data sources above.

© Coral Reef Diagnostics.